Competition for Resources: Hummingbirds may compete with other bird species, particularly other nectar-feeding birds like sunbirds and honeyeaters
Territoriality: Male hummingbirds are highly territorial and will aggressively defend their feeding and nesting territories from intruders
Predation: Hummingbirds face predation from a variety of animals, including snakes, lizards, small mammals, and birds of prey such as hawks and falcons
Protective Nesting Behavior: Female hummingbirds exhibit protective behaviors around their nests
Mobbing Behavior: Hummingbirds, like many other bird species, may engage in mobbing behavior to deter predators.
Symbiotic Relationships: Some hummingbirds have developed symbiotic relationships with other species.
Interactions with Raptors: Hummingbirds are agile flyers and can evade predators like raptors through their rapid flight and maneuverability.
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